What is Frax (FRAX)?
Quick Facts
- Type: Native utility and gas token of the Fraxtal blockchain
- Formerly known as: Frax Shares (FXS)
- Rebrand completed: January 2026, at a 1:1 ratio
- Ecosystem: Frax Finance — a full DeFi stack with stablecoins, lending, and AMM
- Fraxtal: An Optimism-based Layer 2 blockchain built by Frax Finance
- Founded by: Sam Kazemian, Jason Huan, and Travis Moore
- Launched: 2020 (as FXS); rebranded to FRAX in early 2026
Introduction
Frax (FRAX) is the native commodity asset and gas token of Fraxtal, the sovereign Layer 2 blockchain developed by Frax Finance. Formerly known as Frax Shares (FXS), the token was rebranded in a 1:1 token swap to consolidate the project's identity under a single, unified asset.
Frax Finance is one of the most ambitious DeFi protocols in the space, operating a full suite of financial infrastructure — from stablecoins and lending markets to an automated market maker and its own Layer 2 network.
History & Background
Frax Finance was first announced in 2019 under the name 'Decentral Bank' and launched its flagship stablecoin protocol in December 2020. The project was founded by Sam Kazemian, Jason Huan, and Travis Moore with a goal of creating the world's first fractional-algorithmic stablecoin.
The original two-token model featured the FRAX stablecoin alongside FXS, the governance and value-capture token. In December 2024, Frax Finance unveiled its 2025 Vision Roadmap, announcing that FXS would transition to become the new FRAX token, and the stablecoin FRAX would rebrand to frxUSD. The migration was completed in January 2026.
How Frax Works
FRAX (the token) functions as the scarce commodity asset of the Fraxtal blockchain. It serves as the native gas token for Fraxtal, an EVM-compatible Layer 2 chain built on Optimism technology.
Holders can lock FRAX to receive veFRAX, which provides cryptoeconomic security and governance voting rights over parameters within protocols like Fraxlend and Fraxswap. The token follows a fixed, unchangeable emission schedule, positioning it as a predictable monetary base for the ecosystem.
Tokenomics
FRAX is designed as a commodity asset rather than a typical governance token — functioning more like a base layer monetary unit similar to ETH within the Ethereum network. It is entirely issued natively on the Fraxtal blockchain.
Users who lock FRAX receive veFRAX, which decays over time and grants governance influence over select Frax Finance protocol parameters. This staking model rewards long-term participants and ties token utility directly to protocol activity.
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Circulating supply
| 93.60 million FRAX |
|---|---|
| |
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Total supply
| 99.68 million FRAX |
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Max supply
| 99.68 million FRAX |
Ecosystem & Use Cases
The broader Frax Finance ecosystem includes several interconnected products:
- frxUSD — the USD-pegged stablecoin (formerly FRAX), backed by tokenized U.S. Treasuries
- frxETH — a liquid staking token pegged to ETH, used as gas on Fraxtal
- Fraxlend — a permissionless decentralized lending market
- Fraxswap — a native AMM featuring time-weighted average market maker (TWAMM) orders
- AMO contracts — Algorithmic Market Operations that manage collateral and generate revenue
FRAX sits at the center of this ecosystem as the base monetary unit powering Fraxtal's operations.
Team, Governance & Community
Frax Finance was founded by Sam Kazemian, a prominent DeFi builder, along with Jason Huan and Travis Moore. The protocol is governed on-chain, where veFRAX holders can vote on key parameters across the Frax Finance DeFi stack.
The community engages through the official Frax Telegram, Twitter/X account, and governance forums. Frax Finance has built a sizable following in the DeFi space, known for its technical innovation and regular protocol upgrades.
Advantages
- Unified token design — consolidating FXS and the FRAX brand into one coherent asset reduces friction for users and integrators
- Native L2 integration — FRAX serves as the gas token of Fraxtal, giving it deep, fundamental utility
- Full DeFi stack — the ecosystem spans stablecoins, lending, AMM, and liquid staking under one roof
- Fixed emission schedule — a predictable, immutable issuance model supports long-term monetary planning
- veFRAX staking — long-term holders gain governance rights and potential yield from protocol activity
Risks & Challenges
- Rebrand complexity — transitioning from FXS to FRAX while also rebranding the stablecoin to frxUSD introduces potential user confusion
- Smart contract risk — as with all DeFi protocols, undiscovered bugs in smart contracts could pose security threats
- Stablecoin peg risk — the stability of frxUSD and related products directly affects confidence in the broader ecosystem
- Competitive landscape — Frax Finance competes with well-established DeFi protocols for liquidity, users, and developer mindshare
- L2 adoption — Fraxtal's success as a blockchain depends on attracting sustained developer and user activity
Long-Term Vision
Frax Finance's stated ambition is to become the decentralized central bank of crypto — providing all the primitive financial tools that a modern monetary system requires, built entirely on-chain. With Fraxtal as a high-performance Layer 2, frxUSD as a compliant stablecoin, and FRAX as the ecosystem's base monetary asset, the protocol is positioning itself as foundational infrastructure for the next wave of DeFi adoption.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is FRAX?
FRAX is the native utility and gas token of the Fraxtal Layer 2 blockchain, developed by Frax Finance. It was formerly known as Frax Shares (FXS) and was rebranded in a 1:1 token swap in January 2026.
- What happened to FXS?
Frax Shares (FXS) was rebranded to FRAX in early 2026 as part of Frax Finance's 2025 Vision Roadmap. All FXS holders received FRAX at a 1:1 ratio, with major exchanges handling the conversion automatically.
- What is the difference between FRAX and frxUSD?
FRAX is the native utility and gas token of the Fraxtal blockchain (formerly FXS), while frxUSD is the USD-pegged stablecoin (formerly the FRAX stablecoin). The rebrand separated these two roles into clearly distinct tokens.
- What is Fraxtal?
Fraxtal is an EVM-compatible Layer 2 blockchain built on Optimism technology by Frax Finance. FRAX serves as its native gas token, and the chain is designed to support high-throughput DeFi applications.
- What can I do with FRAX tokens?
FRAX can be used to pay gas fees on Fraxtal, and holders can lock it to receive veFRAX, which provides governance voting rights over parameters in protocols like Fraxlend and Fraxswap.
- Who founded Frax Finance?
Frax Finance was founded by Sam Kazemian, Jason Huan, and Travis Moore. The project was first announced in 2019 and launched its protocol in December 2020.
- What is veFRAX?
veFRAX is received when users lock their FRAX tokens for a set period. It grants governance voting rights over select Frax Finance protocol parameters and can provide boosts in certain farming activities.
- What DeFi products does Frax Finance offer?
Frax Finance operates a full DeFi stack including frxUSD (a USD stablecoin), frxETH (a liquid staking token), Fraxlend (decentralized lending), Fraxswap (an AMM with TWAMM), and Fraxtal (its own Layer 2 blockchain).